Okay, so now that I have the historical background out of the way, let me talk about the actual trip itself. We flew up to Erbil in a Black Hawk helicopter, making a few stops along the way to drop off and pick up people. The first leg was insane – 10 people jammed into narrow “seats” facing each other (facing forward and back) with barely enough room for knees, nevermind all the suitcases/bags and our boxes of posters, flyers and DVDs about the Democracy Video Challenge. Huge sliding doors were on both sides of the helo and on this flight were closed before we left the ground. I don’t know how to explain this except to say that it is just like you would imagine riding in a military helicopter to be after seeing about a thousand Vietnam and other modern war films. Most of us have seen enough helicopters in the movies to get a sense of what it might be like, and it is just like that. I felt like I was in a movie. I’ve ridden in three helicopters now, a Black Hawk, a Huey (some seats facing forward on the inside and some on the sides facing out, right along the side of the helo, with the gunner sitting next to you) and I think it was a Chinook (also with seats facing out on either side). After three rides, it still feels like a movie each time – especially the bit when we were flying low over Baghdad neighborhoods: so very cool. What was not cool was how heavy my damn helmet was. Though the body armour was heavy it wasn’t too bad. But the helmet gave me a wicked headache after the first 30 minutes.
Anyway, flying out over Baghdad and slowly out into the Iraqi landscape was very interesting. It really is a whole lot of desert. But I was amazed to see how people are squeezing some crops out of the land. Mind-boggling is the use of ditch irrigation (they run ditches around/through the crops and fill those with water). As one of my Ag buddies was saying the other day, “Nobody uses ditch irrigation any more – it’s all drip irrigation or sprinkler/overhead irrigation”. But that’s where the Iraqi “Ag”riculture environment is at.
We also flew over a number of oil operations. I don’t know anything about oil, so I’m not sure exactly what kind of operations they were. I was told recently that although Iraq has heaps of oil, they have no refineries and so are actually a net oil importer. Oh wow, don’t you just love the internet?! I just did a quick search to see if I could find some information on this and discovered some info from the U.S. Energy Information Administration that shows that Iraq is actually the fifth largest oil importer in the world – both of crude and of petroleum. Yes, that would be the whole world! But I also found a detailed energy profile of Iraq that shows it does have refineries (however antiquated) and more are planned.
So in flying over these refineries, or whatever they were, and there were lots of “smokestacks” that weren’t actually smoking, but flaming. Huge flames coming out of them and also out of the ground in symmetrical patterns in some places. In one place, the flames were actually generating black smoke and we had to fly way around it.
We also flew over lots of little small former villages where you could see the remains of the concrete structures – no roofs or walls, but you could see the outlines of the walls. The other crazy thing about Iraq is the persistent haze. Boy I can really appreciate Canberra, Australia now. That place was crystal clear most of the time – you could see for kilometres. Here, you are luck if you can see 2 miles most of the time (the minimum for helo travel). But the strange thing is that it doesn’t really seem like just pollution because it was really bad way out in the desert too. It is definitely haze, and not a duststorm. But it has got to be some sort of generally persistent extra fine dust in the air. I can’t think what else it can be and I have yet to be given a satisfactory answer by anyone I’ve asked.
Here’s someone’s photo that is similar to my daily views across the Tigris:

And this is what is looks like during the day much of the time (sort of not quite daylight):

But it is hazy in the country too. That’s what I didn’t understand. And it is not a sandstorm. This is a sandstorm in Iraq:

Thank goodness I haven’t lived through one yet, but I’ve seen heaps of photos like this and somehow I’m far more frightened of these pictures than of getting blown up by an IED.
But no sandstorms for us on this trip, thank goodness. As we get up near Erbil we begin to see lots of new construction and more modern looking streets and buildings than in Baghdad. The Regional Reconstruction Team is based in a compound that is actually a neighborhood of regular houses secured by, you guessed it, T-walls. Remember what T-walls are? They surround, protect, define, and relentlessly characterize my life:

So yes, it is a fully secured compound, but the coolest thing for me after the massive but very brand new and sprawling embassy compound in Baghdad was that it felt, for the first time, like I had a sense of what wandering around an Iraqi neighborhood might be like. All the offices and residences were all in converted homes, with kitchens, driveways, courtyards, dining rooms, etc. and scattered throughout the neighborhood were little convenience shops selling candy and cheap mobile phones and laundry detergent and booze (yes, there was plenty of grog being sold inside the compound). There were also little restaurants too. And regular Iraqis who lived there (along side the US Embassy staff, security personnel, USAID, and other western aid/diplomacy agencies).
When we arrived we were given little pieces of paper about the size of a third of a business card in denominations of $5 and $10 which we used at the restaurants to pay for our meals. We could pay in dollars too, but since we were given a food per diem, they found it easier to just run purchase orders with these places and give us this monopoly money (instead of trying to reimburse us later). It was very amusing.
As I said in the previous post, my colleague and I went to a bunch of universities and gave talks on using new media tools (Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, etc.) for diplomacy and development. It was so great to be on the university campuses. They were just CRAWLING with students. By my reckoning they probably mostly had about 3 times the number of students per square metre of most universities in the US or Europe and probably 30 times the number of students per square metre of Australian National University…
It was so exciting and full of energy!
Of course we had full security teams to get there, but they also stayed with us while we were on campus. It was very odd. Sort of makes you feel like a rock star, or the president… All these guys with wires in their ears and weapons somewhere on their persons. Well, not really like a rock star, but it is quite an experience to go places as/with an “entourage”.
I haven’t driven around Baghdad at all yet (except to and from the Al Rashid hotel), but from what I could see from the air on my way out of Baghdad, driving around Erbil and Suli was very different. It is still the developing world, but things are much more developed in the north. Lots of fountains in the streets of Erbil actually, and there were definitely a few roads we drove down that reminded me of Lincoln Boulevard between LAX and Venice – only the shop signs were in Arabic instead of Spanish.
The funniest bit for me was our very first stop. We met with the vice chancellor of the university in his office and were served tea – the first of many many glasses of tea I was served in the two days we were there. You ALWAYS get tea in EVERY meeting. It is usually served in small hour-glass shaped glasses with about 25 spoonfuls of sugar. (at least in Kurdistan anyway). All you folks who’ve been there will get nostalgic over this photo I’m sure:

Although I’d expected to go present with my colleague, the vice-chancellor had arranged for me to meet with library staff. So there was a bit of a kerfuffle about whether we had enough security staff to split up and then I was whisked off to the central library and the office of the library director, which was instantly filled with eight other people, none of whom spoke English. Here I was, my very first hour out in Iraq and I was all alone in a room full of people with whom I couldn’t communicate. It was quite exciting for a bit there, but I just kept smiling and shaking hands and holding my right hand over my heart (a sign of greeting, and gratitude, and honour, and a way of greeting someone of the opposite sex without having to touch them). The assistant to the vice-chancellor did speak English but I’d lost sight of him in the melee with all the library staff in the office and all the assistants and tea boys in the outer office. But eventually, after a few minutes of chaos, we all settled down and one of the university professors whose English was a bit better offered to translate.
My first experience with translated conversation was VERY interesting. I remember being very conscious of what I’d been taught in my Iraqi familiarization course back in DC about working with translators. “Talk to the person, not the translator. Look at the person, when listening to the translation, not the translator. Otherwise you give the respect and power away from your colleague to the translator and that can be emasculating and problematic in the dynamics of your relationship without your realizing it” I tried really hard to do this, but your instinct is definitely to look at the person speaking. You also have to speak much more simply. Not because the translator wouldn’t understand, but because you have less than half the time to say what you want to say. So you have to get to the point without risking wasting time with them not understanding the translation of subtleties of thought. Not a bad discipline to practice, however, for someone as verbose as me.
Everyone was really friendly and smiled a lot so I felt fairly comfortable fairly quickly. And, they got to the point really quickly and had definitely come prepared to talk about what they needed in their libraries and when they could get me for some more concentrated time to help them figure out how to improve and modernize. The thing that actually made me most nervous was trying not to smile and nod too much for fear that I would accidentally be smiling and nodding at something they said in Arabic that wasn’t translated but they now think I just agreed to give them $20,000 in books or computers…
All in all, both the meeting with the vice-chancellor and this large group meeting at the library were a terrific introduction to the types of encounters I was to have over the next few days. Lots of tea. Lots of smiles. Lots of earnest requests for assistance with modernization so that they might join the global society (some of the libraries I saw could only offer their students textbooks and academic journals from 1978 and earlier and had no internet connection or computers – and in two of our presentations, the electricity went out in the middle). And lots and lots of invitations to return, to stay longer, to meet with more people, to see more of their facilities, and to drink more tea.
On the way back, we only made it as far as Kirkuk, then the the helos were downed due to bad weather. But it took over six hours of waiting and being told yes, no, yes, no, maybe, wait, yes, wait, hmm, yeah… no… before everything was confirmed canceled and we had to sort out staying overnight. But that is for another post…